Growing Wheat
Crop Nutrition Advice

Nutrient requirements 

Estimated nutrient uptake (kg/ha): 

Variety		Yield	N	P2O5	K2O
		t/ha	kg/ha	kg/ha	kg/ha
Winter wheat	Biomass* (DM)	13.7	187	55	252
Winter wheat	Grains	6.7	130	39	51
Spring wheat	Biomass* (DM)	9.0	129	58	125
Spring wheat	Grains	4.5	100	50	25

*Whole above-ground part of plant

Source: Adapted from Aigner et al., 1988

Dynamic of nutrient uptake over a crop season in wheat

Role of nutrients

Key parameter	N	P2O5	K2O	MgO	CaO	SO3
Yield	+++	+	++	+	+	+
Protein level	+++	+	++	+		+++
Vegetative growth	+++	+	+	++	+	+
Root system	+	+++	+		++

+ = improving

– = decreasing

+/- = different results, depending on the rate of nutrient applied 

Source: IPI bulletin – Cereals 

Source: Whinter wheat – Crop advice sheet (Agronomy Campus) 

Nutrient deficiencies

Nitrogen

Plants are pale green to yellow with chlorosis beginning on lower leaves and progressing upwards as the deficiency intensifies; plants have spindly stems and growth is slow.

Phosphorous

P deficient plants may remain darker green than normal plants and develop purple discoloration first on the underside and later throughout. Leaf tips may die back when P deficiency is severe. Plants grow slowly, stems are thin and shortened and maturity is delayed. P deficient plants also exhibit poor tillering.

Potassium

K deficiency is initially manifested as chlorosis on the older leaves and progresses upwards as the deficiency intensifies. .The leaves eventually become streaked and take on a scorched appearance along the leaf margins. Chlorotic areas may develop throughout the leaf. Deficiency symptoms can occur in young leaves of some fast-maturing high-yielding varieties. Stems of deficient plants are weak and tend to lodge.

Sulfur

Symptoms are similar to nitrogen deficiency, but the chlorosis is uniform and general, throughout the entire plant, including younger leaves. Sulfur deficiency is most likely on sandy, free draining and soils low in organic matter.

Calcium

Ca deficiency is very rare on small grains. Plants are severely stunted, and new leaves exude a gelatinous-like material, causing new leaves to stick together. Because Ca deficiency is favored by low pH 5.2 and low soil Ca, aluminum-, and manganese- toxicity symptoms will usually be exhibited before Ca deficiency symptoms.

Magnesium

Typically, Mg deficiency is found on soils with a pH of less than about 5.2. Also, wheat is unable to absorb adequate Mg in cool, wet springs.

Zinc

Cereals Zn deficiency generally shows up in early growth stages, when plant is only ~10 cm high, appearing first as yellow streaks in the young leaves, with a white to yellowish tip. White spots often appear on the leaves, or along their edges, and a portion of the marginal area may die. The entire plant is frequently stunted.

Boron

Terminal shoots die. Leaves die back from tips, and young leaves remain rolled. (Similar to calcium deficiency) B- deficient plants produce very thin ears with much reduced grain yield.

Copper

Cu deficiency tends to appear in the youngest leaves. Leaf twisting and white leaf tipping. Severe yield reduction. Copper deficiency may be due to low soil availability, or low total soil copper, and is problematic on light, acidic soils, low soil organic matter, granite parent materials, and dry soil.

Iron

Iron deficiency starts out as an interveinal chlorosis of the youngest leaves, evolves into an overall chlorosis, and ends as a die-back of the chlorotic leaves.

Manganese

At early stages, light chlorosis appears on the young leaves. At more severe cases, mature leaves show netted veins. Then leaves develop brown-grey necrosis along the veins. Chlorotic flecks pattern, concentrated mainly at the leaf base.

Source: https://vikaspedia.in

The influence of nutrient for wheat resistance 

Disease	Pathogen	Increase resistant	Decrease resistant
Roots:
Take-all disease	Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici	N-NH4, Mn, Cu, Cl	N-NO3
Fusariosis	Fusarium ssp.	Zn, Cl	K
Leaves:
Powdery mildew of cereales	Erysiphe graminis	K, S, Mn	N, Zn
Black stem rust	Puccinia graminis	K, S
Brown rust	Puccinia recondite f. sp. Tritici	K, Mn, Cl	Cu
	Septoria tritici	K, Cl	P

Source: Datnoff L., Elmer W., Huber D., 2007: Mineral nutrition and plant disease, ASP Press, St. Paul, USA, 278 s.